History- India

 1. In 1236 Sultan Iltutmish’s daughter, Raziyya became Sultan the first and only woman Sultan of Delhi.

Whose daughter is Raziyya who becase the first and only woman Sultan of Delhi? Iltutmish.

• Female attire was discarded by her and she never covered her face for holding the court. She abandoned Pardah and appeared before the public in male dress.
• She saved the empire from Mongol invasion
• She was captured as a prisoner by Altunia who later married her.
•  She was defeated and killed near Kaithal (Haryana) owing to an internal conspiracy. [1240]

2. In medieval India, the term "Dehliwal" referred to: Coins

3. Delhi Sultanate (1206 AD-1526 AD)

• The First Muslim invasion was done by Mohammad Bin Qasim (712 AD).
• The First Turkish Invasion was done by Mahmud Ghaznavi (998 AD-1030 AD):
• Slave-Khilji-Tughlaq-Sayyid-Lodi

4. With reference to the administration of Delhi Sultanate, which of the following was the department of State Correspondence? Diwan-i-insha

• Diwan-i-Wizarat: Department of revenue and finance headed by the Wazir.
• Diwan- i-kohi: Diwan- i-kohi (department of agriculture) was created by Muhammad bin Tughluq.
• The Tughlaq Dynasty ruled longest among others [94 years]

5. Buland Darwaza was built by ______Akbar

• A mixture of Hindu and Persian styles of architecture is the architectural style.​
• Other masterpieces of Akbar are as follows.

1. Fatehpur Sikri
2. Allahabad Fort
3. Agra Fort

6. Ibrahim Lodi was the last ruler of the Lodi dynasty who was defeated and killed by Babur in the Battle of Panipat in 1526. The Tomb Of Ibrahim Lodi is situated in Panipat in Haryana.

• The Lodi dynasty was founded by Bahlul Khan Lodi.
• The Lodi dynasty was an Afghan dynasty.
• The Lodi dynasty was the last dynasty in Delhi Sultanate, ruled from 1451 to 1526.
• The city of Agra was founded by Sikandar Lodhi

7. Who was the author of Tughluqnama? Amir Khusrau

• It is a historic masnavi (an extensive poem) of the reign of the Tughlaq dynasty that describes the tragedy of Deval Devi. Deval Devi was a Vaghela dynasty Yadava princess who was married to Khizr Khan, the eldest son of Alauddin Khilji in 1308.Her story, of a cultured and high-born Hindu Yadav princess being passed from hand to hand amongst a series of ambitious, power-hungry men.
• Amir was the one who introduced the Ghazal style of singing in the Indian subcontinent. 
• The parrot of India was the title given to Amir Khusro.
• Amir Khusro saw the rule of 7 Sultans (Balban, Muhammad, Cakubad, Jalaluddin Khilji, Alauddin Khilji, Mubarak Shah Khaliji, Gaisuddin Tughlaq)

8. Which session of the congress led to the divide between extremists and moderates in 1907? Surat

• At the Surat session of the INC, the extremists wanted Lala Lajpat Rai to be the presidential candidate, while the moderates were in support of Ras Behari Ghosh.

9. Lord Hastings initiated the ______ where the East India Company claimed that its authority was supreme and hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.  Policy of ‘Paramountcy’

• By this policy, the Company claimed that its authority was paramount or supreme, hence its power was greater than that of Indian states.

10. Vasco Da Gama was a Portuguese navigator who navigated the Cape of Good Hope in the south of Africa and arrived in Calicut, on the south-west coast of India, in 1498. He discovered the first direct route from Portugal to India. He spent nearly 3 months in India before returning to Portugal where he profitably sold the goods on the European market.

11.  At which place did Dadabhai Naoroji set the objective of the national movement as "Self-Government or Swaraj" in the Congress session of 1906? Calcutta

• This session was significant as it marked the beginning of the Swadeshi movement which aimed at promoting Indian goods and boycotting foreign goods.

12. Who was the founder of the Andhra Mahila Sabha?  Durgabai Deshmukh

• She was popularly known as “Iron Lady”. 
• She organized Salt Satyagrah during the Civil disobedience movement in Madras and was imprisoned.
• She was awarded the Tamrapatra and Paul Hoffman Award after independence in recognition of her service to society.
• Popularly known as the “Nightingale of India”, was a nationalist and poetess.
• Under the guidance of Gopal Krishna Gokhale, she became the first woman to participate in India's struggle for independence.
• She was the first woman to become the Governor of Uttar Pradesh State.

13. The Gandhi — Irwin Pact was associated to which of the following movements of India?  Civil Disobedience 

• The pact was signed on 5th March 1931.
• Arranged before the second round table conference in London.
• As per Gandhi-Irwin Pact, Gandhiji discontinued the Civil Disobedience movement and agreed to attend the second round table conference.

14. Rowlatt Act was passed on 6th February 1919.

• Gandhiji called this act as 'The Black Act'.
• Lord Chelmsford was the British viceroy during the Rowlatt Act.

15. Quit India resolution was passed on 8th August 1942.

• The failure of the Crips mission was the immediate cause of the Quit India movement.
• "Quit India" was the famous slogan raised during this movement.

14. Green colour in Indian National Flag signifies _______.Relation to soil and prosperity

• The design of the National Flag was adopted by the Constituent Assembly of India on 22 July 1947.tio of the width of the flag to its length is 2:3.
• It is our Fundamental Duty to abide by the Constitution and respect its ideals and institutions, the National Flag and the National Anthem.

15. Who was the first woman President of the Indian National Congress?

• She presided over the Indian National Congress at the Calcutta session of 1917.
• She established the Home Rule League in 1916 at Madras. was a leading member of INC.

Sarojini Naidu:

• She was the first Indian woman president of the Indian National Congress.
• She became the president of the Indian National Congress in the Kanpur session in 1925.
• She was given the title of "Nightingale of India" for her contributions in the field of poetry writing.
• She was called 'Bharat Kokila'.
• She is the first woman to hold the office of governor in the dominion of India.
• She became the governor of the United Provinces in 1947.

16. Who introduced the dual government system? Robert Clive 

• He led the Company’s army against Sirajuddaulah at Plassey in 1757.
• He introduced the dual government system in Bengal in 1765
• The administration of Bengal was divided into Diwani and Nizamat as a result of the dual government system.
• Robert Clive is known as the 'Babur of British India'.

17.  Warren Hastings is the only governor who was impeached by the British government in India.

• The system of Permanent Settlement and civil services were introduced by Lord Cornwallis.
• The Subsidiary Alliance System in India was introduced by Lord Wellesley.

18. Where did Mahatma Gandhi start the Salt Satyagraha? Sabarmati

• March 12, 1930
• It is also known as the White Flowing River as all people took part in the march by wearing White Khadi.
• Gandhi called it “Poor Man’s Struggle”.

19. Who established the “Atmiya Sabha” a precursor in the socio-religious reforms in Bengal? Raja Ram Mohan Roy 

• Raja Ram Mohan Roy established the “Atmiya Sabha” a precursor organization in the socio-religious reforms in Bengal in the year 1814 in Kolkata.

20. In which year did Warren Hastings become the first Governor-General in India (of Bengal)? 1773

• He Founded the Asiatic Society of Bengal with William Jones in 1784 in Calcutta.
• Warren Hastings laid the foundation of civil service and Lord Cornwallis reformed, modernized, and rationalized it.

21.